Water reuse in a shrimp processing line: Safety considerations using a HACCP approach

The large consumption of water involved in food manufacturing is prompting food processors to optimise the use. Treating and reusing or recycling water within the food plant results in substantial reduction of water use and wastewater production and discharge. If implemented, water reuse should be integrated into existing HACCP programs, and HACCP plans specifically addressed to the actual reuse should be elaborated. This paper evaluates the microbiological safety issues associated with water recycling during the production of shrimps (Pandalus borealis) in brine, and it indicates how the hazards may be effectively controlled using a HACCP approach. Following these procedures, process water recovered from peeling during shrimp processing and treated by means of reverse osmosis could be recycled within the same food unit operation.     

Mechanical properties and thermal stability of double‐shell thermal‐energy‐storage microcapsules

Double‐shell‐structured microcapsules encapsulating phase‐change materials (micro‐PCMs) with an average diameter of 5–10 μm were successfully fabricated with a melamine–formaldehyde resin as the coating material. The mechanical properties of the obtained piled micro‐PCMs, tested under compression, were evaluated with a pressure sensor. Typical stress–strain curves showed that both the single‐shell‐ and double‐shell‐structured microcapsules had yield points and maximum point pressures. The morphological changes in the shell surface confirmed the existence of yield points by scanning electron microscopy. When the pressure was beyond the yield point, the microcapsules showed conventional plastic behavior, and the double‐shell structure was more mechanically stable than the single‐shell one. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis results revealed that the properties of the phase‐change materials experienced no variation after coating with a single‐shell‐ or double‐shell‐structured polymer. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the double‐shell‐structured micro‐PCMs experienced a weight loss of only about 5% from 86.3 to 232°C but did so more rapidly from 232 to 416°C. Thermoregulation was determined with periodical heating and cooling tests. The data showed that the micro‐PCMs changed temperature in a narrow range of 20–25°C with a time lag of 20 min to reach the maximum or minimum temperature in comparison with a reference temperature of 18–28°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1295–1302, 2007     

Optimal Design of Two-Chamber Gas Distributor with CFD Approach

Computational fluid dynamics( CFD) is used to investigate a new type of two-chamber natural gas distributor,which has a natural gas inlet and nine nozzle outlets. The uniformity at the outlet of distributor is practice proven to have significant degree influence on its comprehensive performance. To improve the uniformity at the nozzles of the gas distributor,CFD modeling with the RNG k-ε turbulence model is undertaken to understand the mass flow rate of nozzles with reference to different length of chambers and the most optimal length is obtained. The internal flow pattern of the natural gas distributor is analyzed. It is found that the local maximum deviation of the nozzle outflow rate increases with the increase of chambers length when the length is more than 64 mm. The results provide useful suggestions for the optimal design of two-chamber natural gas distributor.     

集成一体化智能熔点仪的设计

介绍由微控制器（单片机）、温度传感器、加热系统、搅拌系统、键盘和LCD显示等组成的集成一体化智能熔．最仪的工作原理,阐述其硬件电路结构和软件程序设计,并进行反复实验。实验结果表明：该仪器控温精度达到4-0．2℃,线性升温误差不超过0．5％,各项指标符合国家药典标准,具有硬件结构简单、软件算法科学的特点,能够低成本、高精度地实现对温度的控制。     

基于B/S信息系统的分层树形任务评价模式

阐述基于B/S模式网络信息系统环境下企业各级任务逐层分解、以树形关系管理的流程模式以及以任务、创新业绩评价指标模型为基础的评价、监督和多级反馈模式。任务的分解、树形关联关系的确立以及多级反馈模式是以企业部门的层次结构为框架、部门所属岗位为基点、人员之间的领导关系为纽带,运用计算机编码技术实现的。该系统以务实的指标体系、实用的评价流程解决了企业对知识型员工工作能力、创新能力评价及趋势分析等问题,为知识型员工评价的客观性、公平性、及时性提供了技术保障。     

电子商务专业实践教学体系构建与实施的研究

实践教学是高等教育的重要组成部分,是培养学生动手能力和创新能力的重要的环节。本文确立了电子商务专业实践教学的总体目标是"知业—专业—创业",并对如何构建相对完整的新型电子商务专业实践教学体系进行研究和探讨。     

基于混合神经网络的车辆路径模型研究

为有效解决现代物流配送中的车辆路径问题,发挥BP神经网络在解决分类问题和Hopfield神经网络在解决组合优化问题中的优势,依据"分而治之"策略提出了基于混合神经网络的优化模型。通过BP神经网络对一个配送中心范围内的多个配送点进行区域划分,在各子区域内使用Hopfield神经网络求得最优配送路径,从而得到质量较高的解和较快的收敛速度。基于Matlab的仿真实验结果表明,与传统的爬山算法、遗传算法相比,该模型能够获得性能更好的全局最优解。     

批评话语分析的认知视角

批评话语分析对话语加工过程中认知因素的忽视-直为人所诟病,这一情况目前正在逐步改善,越来越多的学者开始将认知科学领域的研究成果应用于批评话语分析。在探讨“社会-认知法”的基础上,分析总结隐喻理论和进化心理学对批评话语分析的贡献,进而提出-个以“社会-认知法”为主体、认知语言学和进化心理学理论为补充的批评话语分析框架。     

加筋条件对稻草加筋盐渍土的无侧限抗压强度影响

针对稻草加筋盐渍土进行试验,进行了最适宜加筋率和最适宜加筋长度的选择,得到最适宜加筋长度为15,mm,最适宜加筋率为0.20%.在土中添加长度为15,mm,质量加筋率为0.20%的稻草,研究了不同的筋材形状对加筋盐渍土和加筋石灰土的无侧限抗压强度的影响.     

基于多元主体参建的西北公益性铁路资本管理模式的会计研究

西北铁路是中国铁路网中公益性最强的板块,立足于多元主体参建的西北公益性铁路资本管理模式,对资本运行实行全过程管理,控制成本,合理清算,提高投资收益。指出及时有效提供真实完整的公司财务报告,准确确认资本收益,规范公司股东会、董事会、监事会和经营管理者的权责,确保分权和制衡的有效性,进一步加大以政府为主的监管力度。